I've never really understood what the deal is with sodium. I do know:
- it's not good for you
- you should try to limit your sodium intake
- it has some sort of relationship with water...
On that last point, could someone explain to me what that relationship is? For example, if I eat a lot of sodium one day, should I be drinking way more water to balance that out?
And what are the consequences of too much sodium intake -- water rention? Then why would I want to drink more water?
Any help on this would be great! I wonder if I'm the only one confused on this!
Preliminary evidence has linked salt consumption with increased cardiovascular disease incidence and death among overweight people. Low sodium diets seem to be especially important for people with high blood pressure. Salt intake has been definitively linked to high blood pressure in Western societies, and eliminating salt from the diet lowers blood pressure in most people. The water flushes the system of salts and wastes. With certain people who have congestive heart failure, they retain fluid and it doesn't flush easily. We should be drinking at least the minimum water requirements to maintain our health. There really is no way to balance excessive salt intake with water intake. You need to avoid added sodium. High blood pressure is a killer, but can be avoided in most cases with a good low sodium, low fat diet along with good water intake.
Sodium isn't the enemy, it's usually the sodium found in pre-packaged, canned, and frozen foods. That's the junk sodium. Iodized salt, however, is the ONLY way your body gets iodine. Yep, the only way. I always cook with iodized salt, but a sprinkle of salt in a huge recipe is nothing.
You can track sodium levels if you wish, but the rule of thumb is always stay away from pre-made foods that use it as the levels are crazy. Lots of water won't balance it out and in fact, too much water is not a good thing either and can seriously mess with your kidneys and electrolyte balance.
There are so many more worse consequences of too much sodium than just water retention. One major one is having high blood pressure. Which in itself raises your risk for heart disease, stroke, renal disease, etc.
If you want to track sodium then a good rule of thumb is eating less than 2300 mg per day. If you are taking any meds remember to read the labels because often drugs have high amounts of sodium.
A healthy adult can process up to 15 liters of water a day (or about 4 gallons!) without any ill effects. As long as you drink it throughout the day, you really shouldn't worry about getting too much water. We need about 150mcg of Iodine a day to prevent problems. Most Americans consume about twice this amount. You will get Iodine in most multivitamins. Aside from a multivitamin, approximately 2 grams of salt contain the RDA of Iodine. If you eat anything canned, or processed, you are more than likely getting additional Sodium whether it's iodized or not is anyone's guess.
Basically, sodium makes your fat like a sponge. It soaks up the water. Salt soaks up water. That is how you "retain" water. When I cut sodium to a low level in my diet, I lost 10 pounds the first week (along with everything else I did). That's all I really know.
I tracked my sodium for a day. I barely made it under the recommended amount. It's scary how easy it is to get too much. Just about anything canned or in a box is terrible. I try to do the best I can.
Someone mentioned iodine in vitamins and while it is offered in some, it not as easily processed or digested as it is with iodized salt and regular food. Just an FYI.